AYUDAS PREVIAS A LA JUBILACIÓN ORDINARIA. EL CASO DE NAVANTIA. PROPUESTA DE APLICACIÓN AL SECTOR FINANCIERO

El sector financiero constituye, sin duda, el paradigma de sector que, sistemáticamente recurre a la prejubilación de sus trabajadores de mayor edad, lo que viene haciendo especialmente desde la crisis económica y financiera de 2007 hasta ahora. Se trata de un sector en continua reconversión mediante un incesante proceso de fusiones. Con motivo de la pandemia de la Covid-19 y, la crisis económica provocada por esta, el sector afronta un nuevo y vertiginoso proceso de concentración, en el que nuevamente se perderán miles de puestos de trabajo. Es necesario que, la prejubilación, se incorpore al ordenamiento laboral como una prestación más de Seguridad Social, legislando sobre la figura del ERE, complementada con el recurso a lo dispuesto en el RD 3/2014, de 10 de enero. Una vez regulado el acceso de las empresas a este recurso, se conseguirá el necesario mantenimiento del empleo, pues el contrato de relevo seria requisito imprescindible para cada trabajador que se prejubile acogido a la prestación.Alternate :Undoubtedly the financial sector is the sector paradigm that systematically resorts to the preretirement of its older workers, particularly since the economic and financial crisis of2007 until now. This is a sector in continuous conversion through an incessant merger process. Due to Covid-19 pandemic and the economic crisis caused by it, the sector faces a dizzying new process of concentration, in which thousands of jobs will again be lost. Pre-retirement needs to be incorporated into the labour system as one more Social Security benefit, legislating on the figure of the ERE and supplemented by recourse to RD 3/2014 of 10th January. Once the access of the undertakings to this resource has been regulated, the necessary maintenance of employment will be achieved, as the re-release contract would be an essential requirement for each early-retired worker to obtain this benefit.

Post Vaccination Optic Neuritis: Observations From the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic (preprint)

Background: Vaccination against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first approved on the 8th of December 2020. Though safe and effective, very rare side effects continue to be identified as global vaccination advances. They do not necessarily leave “a signal” in public registries if the incidence remains below previously reported total incidence levels. Optic neuritis (ON) is a rare but recognised adverse event after immunisation. The risk of post-vaccination ON and visual outcome in the context of global vaccination efforts against SARS-CoV-2 are not known. Methods: A global report on 73 deep-phenotyped individuals with post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination ON observed in 15 of 55 countries with designated experts between 14 February to 18 July 2021. Statistical analyses were performed on type of vaccine, number of jabs, time to onset of ON, demographics, clinical features and treatment. Paraclinical data included immunological testing for autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and aquaporin-4, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits, retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT). The primary outcome was the visual acuity (VA). Findings: The characteristics of the 69 individuals included, differed from pre-COVID whole population-based incidence studies in frequency of bilateral presentation, age distribution and radiological features more commonly found in immune-mediated ON. Most events (67%) occurred after vaccination with AstraZeneca, followed by Pfizer-BioNTech (26%) and Sinovac (7%). In 56 this was after the first and in 13 after the second jab with the same vaccine. Autoantibodies against MOG were present in 15 and not detected for aquaporin-4. The condition was steroid responsive in most (58/62), requiring plasma exchange in a few (5) with spontaneous recovery in the remainder (7). The incidence was highest in the UK (0.036 per 100,000 persons) where vaccination commenced earliest. Importantly, the pattern of presentation in time lagged about 1-5 weeks behind the pattern of national age group vaccination. The median VA at presentation was logMAR 1.0 and recovered to 0.0. Interpretation: Post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination ON is an extremely rare adverse event with generally good outcome of visual function. The global incidence of post-vaccination ON (0.0017 per 100,000 persons) is lower than for ON (3.74 per 100,000 persons in the UK). A causal relationship is plausible, but the overall risk benefit balance is in favour of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Funding Information: None.Declaration of Interests: None. Ethics Approval Statement: Reporting of patients was approved by the Institutional Research Board at Moorfields Eye Hospital (study number CaRS_24).

Forecasting hospitalizations due to COVID-19 in South Dakota, USA. (preprint)

Anticipating the number of hospital beds needed for patients with COVID-19 remains a challenge. Early efforts to predict hospital bed needs focused on deriving predictions from SIR models, largely at the level of countries, provinces, or states. In the United States, these models rely on data reported by state health agencies. However, predictive disease and hospitalization dynamics at the state level are complicated by geographic variation in disease parameters. In addition it is difficult to make forecasts early in a pandemic due to minimal data. However, Bayesian approaches that allow models to be specified with informed prior information from areas that have already completed a disease curve can serve as prior estimates for areas that are beginning their curve. Here, a Bayesian non-linear regression (Weibull function) was used to forecast cumulative and active COVID-19 hospitalizations for South Dakota, USA. As expected, early forecasts were dominated by prior information, which was derived from New York City. Importantly, hospitalization trends also differed within South Dakota due to early peaks in an urban area, followed by later peaks in other rural areas of the state. Combining these trends led to altered forecasts with relevant policy implications.

Immune modulation to improve survival of respiratory virus infections in mice (preprint)

Viral pneumonia remains a global health threat requiring novel treatment strategies, as strikingly exemplified in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic of 2019-2020. We have reported that mice treated with a combination of inhaled Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/6 and TLR 9 agonists (Pam2-ODN) to stimulate innate immunity are broadly protected against respiratory pathogens, but the mechanisms underlying this protection remain incompletely elucidated. Here, we show in a lethal paramyxovirus model that Pam2-ODN-enhanced survival is associated with robust virus inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which occurs prior to internalization by lung epithelial cells. However, we also found that mortality in sham-treated mice temporally corresponded with CD8 + T cell-enriched lung inflammation that peaks on days 11-12 after viral challenge, when the viral burden has waned to a scarcely detectable level. Pam2-ODN treatment blocked this injurious inflammation by reducing the viral burden, and alternatively, depleting CD8 + T cells 8 days after viral challenge also decreased mortality. These findings reveal opportunities for targeted immunomodulation to protect susceptible individuals against the morbidity and mortality of respiratory viral infections.